HSIEH Fu Hua

Chairman
Independent and non-executive director

Mr Hsieh Fu Hua is Chairman of GXS Bank Pte Ltd, a Grab-Singtel joint venture for digital banking. He is a board director of GIC Private Limited and adviser to the PrimePartners Group, which he co-founded.

Mr Hsieh started his career in merchant banking and capital markets in 1974 when he joined Morgan Grenfell Asia Holdings upon graduation, eventually rising to head the organisation. He subsequently served as Group Managing Director of BNP Prime Peregrine Group Hong Kong, CEO of Singapore Exchange, President of Temasek Holdings, Chairman of Tiger Airways Holdings and Chairman of United Overseas Bank and Chairman of Asia Capital Reinsurance Group Pte Ltd.

Mr Hsieh is active in the social sector. He serves on the boards of a number of non-profit organisations. He chairs the National University of Singapore, the National University Health System, and the Singapore Business Federation Foundation Limited, and is a board member of MOH Holdings Pte Ltd. He is currently also a member of the National Research Foundation’s Research, Innovation and Enterprise Council.

Mr Hsieh founded BinjaiTree, a privately-run charity that is keenly engaged in mental health, the arts and social services. He co-founded Caregivers Alliance Ltd, Resilience Collective Ltd, Shared Services for Charities and Tri-Sector Associates. He was previously President of the National Council of Social Service and Chairman of Stewardship Asia Centre as well as the National Gallery Singapore.

Mr Hsieh is an alumnus of the NUS Business School.

Dr CHIA Tai Tee

Independent and non-executive director

Dr Chia Tai Tee is an independent and non-executive director of the Board of Eastspring Investments Group, an independent director of the United Overseas Bank Group and a member of the Boards of Trustees of the Singapore Institute of Technology and the Ministry of Home Affairs Uniformed Services Invest Plan. He also serves on the Investment Committee of the Tote Board.

Dr Chia was the Chief Risk Officer at GIC, a position he held until his retirement in March 2020. As CRO, Dr Chia was responsible for the risk management oversight for the GIC group. He had held various positions in investment policy, economics and strategy, foreign exchange, and quantitative investments at GIC. Prior to joining GIC in 1994, he was a lecturer at the Department of Economics and Statistics at the National University of Singapore.

Dr Chia holds a Bachelor of Economics (Hons) from The University of Adelaide and a PhD in Economics from the Australian National University. He is also a graduate of the Advanced Management Programme of Harvard Business School.

Veronica ENG

Independent and non-executive director

Ms Veronica Eng is an independent and non-executive director of the Board of Eastspring Investments Group since November 2020 and an independent and non-executive director of the Board of Keppel Corporation since 1 July 2015. She is the Chairman of the Keppel Corporation Board Risk Committee and a member of the Audit Committee. She also serves on the Investment Committee of Temasek Trust.

Ms Eng was a Founding Partner of Permira. Over her 30-year career with Permira, Ms Eng held a number of key positions in the firm and had extensive experience in a wide range of roles in relation to its funds' investments across sectors and geographies. She served on the board of Permira and its Executive Committee, chaired the Investment Committee and was the Fund Minder to various Permira funds. In addition, she also had oversight of Permira's firm-wide risk management as well as its operations in Asia.

Ms Eng is a Professor (Practice) at the NUS Business School.

Ms Eng holds a Bachelor of Business Administration (First Class Honours) from the University of Singapore.

Mark FITZPATRICK

Group Chief Executive, Prudential plc

Mark FitzPatrick was appointed Group Chief Executive Officer on 1 April 2022, having previously served as Group Chief Financial Officer since joining the Board in July 2017. Mark is also Chief Operating Officer, a position he has held since July 2019.

Mark has a strong background across financial services, insurance and investment management, encompassing wide geographical experience relevant to the Group’s key markets.

Mark previously worked at Deloitte for 26 years, building his industry focus on insurance and investment management globally. During this time, Mark was Managing Partner for Clients and Markets, a member of the executive committee and a member of the board of Deloitte UK. He was a Vice Chairman of Deloitte for four years, leading the CFO Programme and developing the CFO Transition labs. Mark previously led the Insurance & Investment Management audit practice and the insurance industry practice.

Mark is also a Director of Prudential Services Limited which is a wholly owned Prudential subsidiary. Mark is co-Chair of the Prudential Diversity & Inclusion Council and the Chair of the Group ESG Committee.

James TURNER FCA FCSI FRM

Group Chief Financial Officer, Prudential plc

James is the Group Chief Financial Officer, having previously served as Group Chief Risk Officer since joining the Prudential Board in March 2018 and Group Chief Risk and Compliance Officer since July 2019.

Having held senior positions at Prudential for over a decade, James has a wide-ranging understanding of the business and draws on previous experience across internal audit, finance, risk and compliance, as well as technical knowledge and skills relevant to his role.

James joined Prudential as the Director of Group-wide Internal Audit and was appointed Director of Group Finance in September 2015. James relocated to Hong Kong in August 2019.

Steve BICKELL

Senior Advisor, Prudential plc

Steve joined Prudential Group in 1979 and was one of the team who supported the formation of Prudential Corporation Asia and he subsequently transferred to Hong Kong. He has been based in Asia since 2000 and held a number of senior leadership roles for the Group including as PCA Chief Risk Officer until 2018 where he led the development of the compliance, risk management, tax and corporate governance functions across the region. Post the 2019 demerger, Steve was heavily involved with the transfer of group-wide supervisory responsibility to the HK Insurance Authority.

His association with Eastspring dates back to the establishment of the business in the 1990’-s and he has sat on a number of Eastspring local boards and governance committees.

From the beginning of 2022, Steve has been a senior advisor to the Group and as part of his role, he sits on a number of major business boards and board committees.

SECK Wai-Kwong

Chief Executive Officer, Eastspring Investments Group

Seck Wai-Kwong is Chief Executive Officer of Eastspring Investments Group and a member of its Board of Directors. As CEO of the Group, he chairs the Executive Management Committee and has overall responsibility for growing the business, deepening the investment capabilities and expanding Eastspring’s global and local retail and institutional client base. Wai-Kwong is also a member of the Prudential Group Executive Committee.

Prior to joining Eastspring in April 2019, Wai-Kwong was CEO Asia-Pacific for State Street Bank & Trust since 2011. He had joined State Street from the Singapore Exchange where he was Chief Financial Officer for eight years. His professional career had been focused primarily on wealth management and investment banking, having held senior-level positions in the Monetary Authority of Singapore, the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation, Lehman Brothers and DBS Bank.

Wai-Kwong is a board member of the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation and serves on the Board Risk and Audit Committees. He is also chairman of the Investment Committee and a Trustee of the Singapore Police Force’s pension fund. He chairs the Future Leaders Council at the Wealth Management Institute and is a member of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology’s Business School Advisory Council.

Wai-Kwong earned a Master of Business Administration with Distinction from the Wharton School with a major in finance, and a Bachelor of Economics with first-class honours from Australia’s Monash University, where he is also a Vice-Chancellor Professorial Fellow. On Singapore’s National Day in 2017, the Republic awarded him the Public Service Medal.

SECK Wai-Kwong

Chief Executive Officer

Seck Wai-Kwong is Chief Executive Officer of Eastspring Investments Group and a member of its Board of Directors. As CEO of the Group, he chairs the Executive Management Committee and has overall responsibility for growing the business, deepening the investment capabilities and expanding Eastspring’s global and local retail and institutional client base. Wai-Kwong is also a member of the Prudential Group Executive Committee.

Prior to joining Eastspring in April 2019, Wai-Kwong was CEO Asia-Pacific for State Street Bank & Trust since 2011. He had joined State Street from the Singapore Exchange where he was Chief Financial Officer for eight years. His professional career had been focused primarily on wealth management and investment banking, having held senior-level positions in the Monetary Authority of Singapore, the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation, Lehman Brothers and DBS Bank.

Wai-Kwong is a board member of the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation and serves on the Board Risk and Audit Committees. He is also chairman of the Investment Committee and a Trustee of the Singapore Police Force’s pension fund. He chairs the Future Leaders Council at the Wealth Management Institute and is a member of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology’s Business School Advisory Council.

Wai-Kwong earned a Master of Business Administration with Distinction from the Wharton School with a major in finance, and a Bachelor of Economics with first-class honours from Australia’s Monash University, where he is also a Vice-Chancellor Professorial Fellow. On Singapore’s National Day in 2017, the Republic awarded him the Public Service Medal.

Bill MALDONADO

Chief Investment Officer

Bill Maldonado is Chief Investment Officer and a member of the Executive Management Committee at Eastspring Investments.

As CIO, Bill spearheads Eastspring’s investment platform across equities, fixed income and multi asset, and is responsible for the firm’s investment strategies and products.

Bill has nearly 30 years of asset management experience and a strong track record in leading investment teams globally. Prior to joining Eastspring in September 2021, Bill served as the Asia Pacific Chief Investment Officer and Global Chief Investment Officer, Equities at HSBC Global Asset Management.

Bill holds an MBA from Cranfield University, a Doctorate in Laser Physics from Oxford University and a Bachelor of Science in Physics from Sussex University, UK and Uppsala University, Sweden.

Wendy LIM

Regional Chief Executive Officer Asia
Global Head of Distribution, Marketing & Products

Wendy Lim is Regional CEO Asia and Global Head of Distribution, Marketing & Products and a member of the Executive Management Committee at Eastspring Investments.

As Regional CEO Asia, she has overall management responsibilities for our global markets. She leads the Distribution function, including institutional and retail segments, and oversees Marketing and Products. Wendy is also responsible for the Prudential Life business relationship management which ensures close collaboration in building an integrated wealth capability.

Prior to joining Eastspring in November 2021, Wendy was CEO of Singapore & Regional Head of High-Net-Worth Segment, Asia, for Manulife Investment Management. She was also a member of the Wealth & Asset Management Executive Committee for Asia and an Executive Director of the Manulife Investment Management Singapore board.

Wendy has over 30 years of experience in retail banking, wealth and asset management in Asia. Before joining Manulife Investment Management, she held various senior-level positions at BNY Mellon Investment Management, the Australia and New Zealand Banking Group, the Royal Bank of Scotland, HSBC and Citibank.

Wendy holds an MBA and Bachelor of Science in Marketing and Business Administration from Indiana State University.

Lilian THAM

Chief Operating Officer
Chief Executive Officer, Eastspring Investments Singapore

Lilian Tham is Chief Operating Officer at Eastspring Investments and Chief Executive Officer of Eastspring Investments Singapore. She is a member of the firm’s Executive Management Committee.

Lilian joined Eastspring in January 2021 with responsibility for operations, technology, digital, data and administrative support, as well as strategic growth and change initiatives.

Prior to Eastspring, Lilian held senior roles at Schroders where she worked for 26 years, most recently as Asia Pacific COO with oversight of Operations, Investment Services and Technology, Change and Innovation across the region.

She is a Fellow of the Institute of Banking and Finance Singapore and actively volunteers her expertise in various industry associations and committees.

Janelle YEO

Chief Financial Officer

Janelle Yeo is Chief Financial Officer and a member of the Executive Management Committee at Eastspring Investments. She is responsible for the finance and legal management of the firm.

Prior to her current role, she was Head of Corporate Strategy and was also responsible for the firm’s Mergers and Acquisitions, and the corporate development of Eastspring’s wholly foreign-owned enterprise in China. Immediately prior to that, she was CFO for Eastspring’s Taiwan business and assumed the CEO (interim) role from Oct 2019 to Nov 2020. She also previously served as Director of Regional Strategic Planning for Eastspring’s global business.

Janelle joined Eastspring in 2008. She has over 20 years of experience within the financial services sector in Asia. She began her career as a banking supervisor with the Monetary Authority of Singapore and then as a management consultant with Oliver Wyman.

Janelle holds an MBA from INSEAD and a Bachelor of Accountancy (Hons) from Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. She has also been awarded the CFA charter.

Terence LIM

Chief Risk Officer

Terence Lim is Chief Risk Officer and a member of the Executive Management Committee at Eastspring Investments. He oversees compliance, risk, and governance activities across Eastspring.

Prior to joining Eastspring, Terence was abrdn’s Chief Risk Officer - APAC based in the Singapore office where he provided oversight and leadership of the Risk and Compliance function across Asia Pacific. He was on various abrdn APAC entity boards and was a member of the APAC Executive Leadership Team, the Global Risk & Compliance Leadership Team and abrdn group’s Global Leadership Group.

Terence joined abrdn in August 2016 after having spent 10 years with Macquarie Group where he was Deputy Regional Head of Compliance, Asia and Head of Compliance, Singapore. He led a Compliance team of more than 60 persons in 11 countries in Asia and across multiple businesses and product lines that included investment banking, fixed income, currencies, commodities and equities trading as well as fund management. Terence also spent 10 years as a corporate and capital markets lawyer in Singapore and Malaysia and was a partner at a Singapore law firm prior to joining Macquarie Group.

Terence is a qualified lawyer in England and Wales, Malaysia and Singapore and obtained a law degree from the University of Leicester and an MBA from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business.

Cynthia TAN

Chief Human Resources Officer

Cynthia Tan is Chief Human Resources Officer and a member of the Executive Management Committee at Eastspring Investments.

As CHRO, she is responsible for developing and executing a people and culture plan that will support the firm’s growth in the long-term.

Cynthia has more than 20 years of human resources experience in the banking and finance sector across Asia. Prior to joining Eastspring, Cynthia worked at ING Bank in Singapore where, for more than 10 years, she was Head of HR for Asia Pacific for the retail and wholesale bank, including the global shared service operations based in the region. Previously, Cynthia held HR roles at Standard Chartered Bank and the Government of Singapore Investment Corp.

Cynthia holds a Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Sociology from the National University of Singapore. She also has a graduate diploma in personnel management from the Singapore Institute of Management.

Stuart WILSON

Head of Sustainability

Stuart Wilson is Head of Sustainability at Eastspring Investments, spearheading sustainability initiatives across the firm.

Stuart has more than 20 years of experience in investment management, asset ownership and corporate governance.

Stuart joined Eastspring in January 2022 from Sunsuper, where he was the pension fund's first Head of Responsible Investment, a role he held for over a decade. He was also a member of Sunsuper's Investment Recommendation Committee. Prior to Sunsuper, Stuart was CEO of the Australian Shareholders Association (ASA) for 10 years, driving fundamental investment education programs, overseeing engagement and proxy voting services, and influencing policy makers to protect retail investors.

Stuart holds a Bachelor of Business majoring in both Finance and Economics and is a CFA charterholder.

Boon Peng OOI

Vice Chairman

Boon Peng Ooi is Vice Chairman at Eastspring Investments, serving as a senior advisor to Eastspring Investments Group’s CEO in the delivery of the firm’s growth ambitions.

He has held various senior roles at Eastspring. Most recently, Boon Peng served as Chief Executive Officer of Eastspring Singapore and Head of Eastspring Portfolio Strategies regionally, where he oversaw the firm’s strategy investment capabilities in Equities, Fixed Income and Quantitative Strategies. He was also responsible for the firm’s central dealing function and Client Portfolio Managers. In 2019, Boon Peng took on the roles of CEO of Hong Kong and Head of Investment Strategies. He has a proven track record as both a people and money manager, building up Eastspring Singapore’s Fixed Income team, which is preeminent in Asia today.

Prior to joining Eastspring in 2007, Boon Peng was CIO and Executive Director at UOB Asset Management, Alternative Investments and Head of Fixed Income at Fullerton Fund Management Company. He spent over 15 years of his career with the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS). 

Boon Peng has more than 30 years of investment experience. In 2014, he was conferred the title of “IBF Fellow” by the Institute of Banking and Finance of Singapore. This honour is aimed at recognising industry veterans who have demonstrated mastery of a profession and exemplify thought leadership and commitment to industry development. He was also named CIO of the Year in Asia Asset Management’s Best of the Best Regional Awards for 2014 and 2015.

Boon Peng holds a Bachelor of Science (Building) (Hons) degree from National University of Singapore and is a CFA charterholder.

Lilian THAM

Chief Operating Officer
Chief Executive Officer, Eastspring Investments Singapore

Lilian Tham is Chief Operating Officer at Eastspring Investments and Chief Executive Officer of Eastspring Investments Singapore. She is a member of the firm’s Executive Management Committee.

Lilian joined Eastspring in January 2021 with responsibility for operations, technology, digital, data and administrative support, as well as strategic growth and change initiatives.

Prior to Eastspring, Lilian held senior roles at Schroders where she worked for 26 years, most recently as Asia Pacific COO with oversight of Operations, Investment Services and Technology, Change and Innovation across the region.

She is a Fellow of the Institute of Banking and Finance Singapore and actively volunteers her expertise in various industry associations and committees.

Joyce CHAN

General Manager and Head of Intermediary Sales,
Eastspring Investments Hong Kong

Joyce Chan is General Manager and Head of Intermediary Sales in Eastspring Investments Hong Kong. She leads business strategy development and is responsible for managing the intermediary distribution in Hong Kong.

Joyce has over 18 years of experience in asset management industry. Prior to joining Eastspring in 2020, Joyce held various roles at global financial institutes including PineBridge Investments, Allianz Global Investors and HSBC.

Joyce holds a Master of International Politics and Affairs at University of Hong Kong and Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from Washington University in Saint Louis, United States.

Alan DARMAWAN

Chief Executive Officer, Eastspring Investments Indonesia

Alan Darmawan is Chief Executive Officer at Eastspring Investments Indonesia.

Prior to joining Eastspring, Alan spent 12 years with Allianz Life Indonesia, most recently as the Chief Investment Officer and served as a member of the Board of Directors. Prior to his CIO role, he held senior roles in market management, bancassurance and risk management at Allianz Life.

Alan has over 25 years of experience in financial industry across life insurance, banking, corporate finance, pension and asset management.

Yasuhisa NITTA

Representative Director and Chief Executive Officer
Eastspring Investments Japan

Yasuhisa Nitta is Representative Director and Chief Executive Officer of Eastspring Investments Japan, responsible for driving and developing retail and institutional business. He has held this position since July 2020.

With over 30 years of investment management experience, Yasuhisa joined Eastspring from PGIM Japan (previously Prudential Investment Management Japan) where he served as President and Chief Executive Officer for 13 years. At PGIM, he made a significant contribution to business growth and established a strong reputation for the firm, especially in the institutional market.

Prior to joining PGIM Japan, Yasuhisa held senior roles with Mizuho Financial Group in Japan, Zurich and London, including positions at Mizuho Bank, Dai-Ichi Kangyo Asset Management (now known as Asset Management One) and DKB Investment Management International.

Yasuhisa holds a Bachelor of Economics degree from Hitotsubashi University and is a Certified Member Analyst of SAAJ. He is also a Certified International Investment Analyst and holds a UK Investment Management Certificate.

Cheon Woong PARK

Chief Executive Officer, Eastspring Investments Korea

Cheon Woong Park is Chief Executive Officer at Eastspring Investments Korea. He is responsible for both the institutional and retail businesses.

Prior to joining Eastspring in 2012, Cheon Woong was CEO and President at Mirae Asset Global Investments (HK) Ltd and, before that, International Chief Marketing Officer.

In the past 15 years, Cheon Woong has worked in many of the world’s key financial centres, including New York, London, Hong Kong and Singapore, for organisations including Hyundai Securities, Merrill Lynch, Morgan Stanley and Woori Investment & Securities.

Raymond TANG

Chief Executive Officer, Eastspring Investments Malaysia

Raymond Tang is Chief Executive Officer for Eastspring Investments Malaysia. He serves on the Board of Directors of Eastspring Investment Berhad.

Prior to joining Eastspring in 2012, Raymond was Head of International and Institutional Business, and Chief Investment Officer, ASEAN region for CIMB-Principal Asset Management Berhad. Executive Director and Chief Investment Officer for CMS Dresdner Asset Management Sdn Bhd. He has over 30 years of industry experience, including as Executive Director and Chief Investment Officer for CMS Dresdner Asset Management Sdn Bhd from 1996 to 2004.

Raymond was the Chairman of Malaysian Association of Asset Managers (MAAM) from 2008-2022 and a Committee Member of FTSE Bursa Malaysia Index Advisory Committee and Listing Committee. He served as a founding Director of the Securities Industry Dispute Resolution Center (SIDREC) until 2020 and is a Member of the Financial Markets Committee of Bank Negara.

Polly WANG

Chief Executive Officer, Eastspring Investments Taiwan

Polly Wang is Chief Executive Officer at Eastspring Investments Taiwan.

Polly joined Eastspring in November 2020 from Nomura Asset Management Taiwan, where she was CEO for four years. Prior to joining Nomura, Polly spent 15 years at BNP Paribas Cardif Insurance group, a niche bancassurance company, where she held senior roles including as Taiwan Country Manager and Taiwan CEO for TCB Life.

Polly holds over 30 years of financial services experience, including ABN AMRO Taiwan and Citibank in her early career.

Polly holds a Master’s degree in International Management from the American Graduate School of International Management, USA, and a BA in Diplomacy from National Chengchi University, Taiwan.

NGO The Trieu

Chief Executive Officer, Eastspring Investments Vietnam

Ngo The Trieu is Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer at Eastspring Investments Vietnam, responsible for the management, investment activities and business development at the firm.

Trieu has over 20 years of experience in finance and investments, including more than 13 years with Eastspring Investments Vietnam. He has been in charge of Equity and Fixed Income investment since 2010, and was CIO from 2015.

Previously, Trieu served as an Actuary for Prudential Vietnam Assurance Private Limited from 2002 to 2006. Prior to that, Trieu worked for Arthur Andersen Auditing in Vietnam and Vietnam Eximbank.

He holds a Master’s degree in International Project Management from Skema Business School in France, an MBA from Center of French-Vietnamese Management Institution (CFVG), a BA in Corporate Finance from HCMC University of Economics and a BA in Foreign Economics from Vietnam Foreign Trade University. Trieu is a CFA charterholder and holds the Fund Management Practice License issued by State Securities Commission of Vietnam.

Matthew APPELSTEIN

CEO of Americas and Head of International Distribution

Matthew Appelstein is CEO of Americas and Head of International Distribution for Eastspring Investments, and is based in Chicago.

Matthew is responsible for driving Eastspring Investments’ international sales efforts in the Americas, UK, Europe, the Middle East and Africa. As CEO of Americas, he is also responsible for managing the firm’s expansion there.

Prior to joining Eastspring, Matthew was Head of Product and Distribution at RBC Global Asset Management where he was charged with growing the US business in all channels for RBC. Before that he was Head of Global Distribution at Old Mutual Asset Management where he led teams establishing and managing relationships with major institutional and retail investors around the globe. Prior to that, Matthew had a leadership role in the consultant relations group of Fidelity Investments Institutional business. Matthew started his career with Coopers and Lybrand first as an auditor and then in their consulting practice. Matthew has more than 30 years of financial industry experience.

Matthew is a Chartered Financial Analyst and a Certified Public accountant. He holds a BBA in Accounting from the University of Massachusetts in Amherst.

Henk RUITENBERG

Head of Europe

Henk Ruitenberg is Head of Europe for Eastspring Investments and Conducting Officer & Executive Board Member of Eastspring Investments (Luxembourg) S.A.. This legal entity also encompasses the UK Branch of Eastspring Investments. Henk is responsible for the management and governance of the Luxembourg based platforms and the management of the European business.

Henk joined Eastspring in 2009 as a consultant for Eastspring Hong Kong, and was appointed CEO of Eastspring Vietnam in 2010, before moving to Luxembourg in 2013 to establish the European operations of Eastspring.

Prior to joining Eastspring, Henk worked for 27 years in the asset management arm of ABN AMRO Bank, most recently as Head Business Development in Asia based in Hong Kong.

Henk holds an MBA in Business Management at the University of Rotterdam.

Xin SHAO

Head of China, Eastspring Investments Shanghai

Xin Shao is Head of China at Eastspring Investments and General Manager & Legal Representative of Eastspring Investments Shanghai (EISH) and Eastspring Overseas Investment Fund Management. He is responsible for driving the growth and development of offshore and onshore offerings with key clients and distributors in EISH, and supporting Eastspring’s strategic initiatives in Mainland China.

Prior to joining Eastspring Investments in August 2022, Xin was Managing Director of Principal Global Investors China. With over 20 years of industry experience, Xin has held various senior-level positions across asset management firms, including Beijing Jiumu Capital Management Company, Goldman Sachs Asset Management, Changsheng Fund Management Company and China Asset Management Company.

Xin holds a Master of Finance from the University of New South Wales, Australia and a Bachelor of Accounting from Beijing Technology and Business University, China.